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(1) e.g. List the process(es) that is(are) accessing a file
# lsof -f -- /usr/sbin/httpd
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd 2779 root txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77290 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77291 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77292 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77293 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77294 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77295 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77296 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
httpd 77297 apache txt REG 253,0 354816 560817 /usr/sbin/httpd
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-f => the argument that follows is file name or file path
(2) e.g. list process(es) that is accessing a file system
# lsof +f -- /var/log
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
rsyslogd 1857 root 1w REG 253,6 3275 40978 /var/log/messages
rsyslogd 1857 root 2w REG 253,6 56974 40976 /var/log/cron
rsyslogd 1857 root 4w REG 253,6 5847 40979 /var/log/secure
mcelog 2282 root 3w REG 253,6 0 31 /var/log/mcelog
abrt-dump 2492 root 4r REG 253,6 3275 40978 /var/log/messages
httpd 2779 root 2w REG 253,6 245 155654 /var/log/httpd/error_log
httpd 2779 root 5w REG 253,6 116277457 32 /var/log/modsec_audit.log
httpd 2779 root 12w REG 253,6 77964 155652 /var/log/httpd/access_log
httpd 77297 apache 5w REG 253,6 116277457 32 /var/log/modsec_audit.log
httpd 77297 apache 12w REG 253,6 77964 155652 /var/log/httpd/access_log
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+f => the argument is treated as file system
where /var/log is one of the filesystems mounted
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvroot
15G 8.0G 5.6G 59% /
tmpfs 1.9G 12K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 504M 103M 377M 22% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvhome
1008M 56M 902M 6% /home
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvtmp
5.0G 2.8G 1.9G 60% /tmp
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvvar
9.9G 1.4G 8.0G 15% /var
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvvarlog
9.9G 2.5G 7.0G 27% /var/log
/dev/mapper/vg00-lvaudit
5.0G 2.3G 2.4G 50% /var/log/audit
/dev/mapper/VGnpb-LVapps
49G 34G 13G 74% /apps
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