| Get current directory |
>>> import os
>>> os.getcwd() # get as a string
'C:\Program Files\PyScripter'
>>> print(os.getcwd())
C:\Program Files\PyScripter
>>> os.getcwdb() # get as byte object
b'C:\Program Files\PyScripter'
|
| Changing directory |
>>> os.chdir('C:\Python33')
>>> print(os.getcwd())
C:\Python33 |
| Listing a directory |
>>> print(os.getcwd())
C:\Python33
>>> os.listdir()
['DLLs',
'Doc',
'include',
'Lib',
'libs',
'LICENSE.txt',
'NEWS.txt',
'python.exe',
'pythonw.exe',
'README.txt',
'Scripts',
'tcl',
'Tools']
>>> os.listdir('G:\')
['$RECYCLE.BIN',
'Movies',
'Music',
'Photos',
'Series',
'System Volume Information'] |
| Make new directory |
>>> os.mkdir('test')
>>> os.listdir()
['test'] |
| Rename a directory |
>>> os.listdir()
['test']
>>> os.rename('test','new_one')
>>> os.listdir()
['new_one'] |
| Removing a (empty) directory or file |
>>> os.listdir()
['new_one', 'old.txt']
>>> os.remove('old.txt')
>>> os.listdir()
['new_one']
>>> os.rmdir('new_one')
>>> os.listdir()
[] |
| Removing non empty directory |
>>> os.listdir()
['test']
>>> os.rmdir('test')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
OSError: [WinError 145] The directory is not empty: 'test'
>>> import shutil
>>> shutil.rmtree('test')
>>> os.listdir()
[] |
| Get the basename of a full path |
>>> import os
>>> os.getcwd()
'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office'
>>> os.path.basename(os.getcwd())
'Microsoft Office'
>>> |
| Splits a file path to its name and extension parts |
>>> import os
>>> os.path.splitext("C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12\VISSHE.DLL")
('C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12\VISSHE', '.DLL')
>>> os.path.splitext("notepad.exe")
('notepad', '.exe')
returns a list of [name,extension]
|
| Splits a full path to its directory and filename |
>>> os.path.split("C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12\VISSHE.DLL")
('C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12', 'VISSHE.DLL')
>>> os.path.split('/etc/hosts.deny')
('/etc', 'hosts.deny')
>>> os.path.split('/etc/ssh/')
('/etc/ssh', '')
>>> os.path.split('/etc/ssh')
('/etc', 'ssh')
Split the pathname path into a pair, (head, tail) where tail is the last pathname component and head is everything leading up to that. The tail part will never contain a slash; if path ends in a slash, tail will be empty
|
| Test for dir |
Windows example
>>> import os
>>> os.path.isdir("C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12")
True
>>> os.path.isdir("C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12\VISSHE.DLL")
False
Unix example
>>> import os
>>> os.path.isdir('/etc')
True
>>> os.path.isdir('/etc/hosts')
False
|
| Test for file |
Windows example
>>> import os
>>> os.path.isfile("C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12")
False
>>> os.path.isfile("C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12\VISSHE.DLL")
True
Unix example
>>> import os
>>> os.path.isfile('/etc')
False
>>> os.path.isfile('/etc/hosts')
True |